Where every figure comes from
Every number on this site traces to a named federal source with a stated vintage and licence. This page is that list, including what each source cannot tell you.
Last updated 6 August 2026.
Sources
| Source | Agency | As of | Licence |
|---|---|---|---|
| County Business Patterns | US Census Bureau | 2023 | Public domain — 17 U.S.C. §105 |
| Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics | US Bureau of Labor Statistics | 2024 | Public domain — 17 U.S.C. §105 |
| Occupational licence register | CareerOneStop / ARC, US Department of Labor | 2024 | ENCUMBERED — must remain free, public and without a log-in, permanently |
| Business Dynamics Statistics | US Census Bureau | 1978–2023 | Public domain — 17 U.S.C. §105 |
| Federal contract awards | USASpending.gov | 2021–2025 | Public domain — 17 U.S.C. §105 |
| Code of Federal Regulations | eCFR / Office of the Federal Register | live | Government edict — not copyrightable, Georgia v. Public.Resource.Org (2020) |
Five of six are United States federal government work, in the public domain by statute and freely redistributable. One is encumbered and is why the licence data on this site is free and ungated permanently.
County Business Patterns
How many businesses of a given kind operate in a given county, how many people they employ, and their annual payroll.
WHAT IT CANNOT TELL YOU: Census suppresses small cells to protect employer identity. A suppressed cell renders as 'not measured', never as zero.
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Who actually does the work in an industry, how many of them there are, and what the median wage is.
WHAT IT CANNOT TELL YOU: Covers employer businesses only, and exists for fewer industries than the establishment data does.
Occupational licence register
Which occupations are licensed in which jurisdictions, and what each licence requires: exam, education, experience.
WHAT IT CANNOT TELL YOU: Holds 54 of 56 US licensing jurisdictions, and 2,504 of its records carry no jurisdiction at all. A count of 43 is out of 54 searched, not out of 56.
Business Dynamics Statistics
Firm and establishment births, deaths, survival and job flows by industry, back to 1978. This is what every backtest on this site is graded against.
WHAT IT CANNOT TELL YOU: Four-digit industry granularity, so a six-digit industry inherits its parent group's dynamics.
Federal contract awards
What the federal government actually paid for work in an industry, to whom, and through which agency.
WHAT IT CANNOT TELL YOU: ONE BUYER. Federal procurement is not the private market and for most industries is small and unrepresentative — beauty salons show $50,590 against electrical contractors' $3.2bn.
Code of Federal Regulations
The regulatory text itself, and verification that a cited regime exists.
WHAT IT CANNOT TELL YOU: Loaded as CANDIDATE CITATIONS ONLY and read by nothing authoritative. Full-text search on an industry name returns the wrong regulation about half the time — Coast Guard tank vessel rules scored highest for electrical contractors — so it verifies a citation and cannot discover one.
How we leave the one encumbered source
| Status of the issuing authority | URLs | Records |
|---|---|---|
| Resolves — re-sourceable now | 1,455 | 17,529 |
| Unreachable, DNS or timeout | 272 | 3,658 |
| Refuses automated access; a person gets in | 384 | 2,865 |
| Gone — the authority must be found again | 207 | 2,159 |
| Other | 38 | 156 |
27,067 occupational licence records are the ONLY encumbered data in this corpus — supplied on condition they stay free, public and without a log-in, which they will. 97.4% of them name their issuing authority with a URL, so the same facts can be taken from the state board that issued them, where no such condition applies. Concentrated: the top 200 URLs cover 58.8% of records. Re-sourcing replaces the provenance record by record — it does not relabel what we already hold, which would be evading the term rather than leaving it.
Every source, from the registry
| Source | Publisher | Rows held | Licence | As of |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Business Dynamics Statistics 1978-2023 | US Census Bureau | 13,248 | public domain | 2023-12-31 |
| County Business Patterns 2023 | US Census Bureau | 1,100,961 | public domain | 2023-12-31 |
| Economic Census 2022 | US Census Bureau | 956 | public domain | 2022-12-31 |
| Federal contract awards | USAspending.gov | 957 | public domain | 2026-08-07 |
| National occupational licence register | Analyst Resource Center via Ca | 27,067 | ENCUMBERED — careeronestop-public | 2024-10-14 |
| Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics | US Bureau of Labor Statistics | 136,541 | public domain | 2024-05-31 |
| SBA 7(a) loan book, FOIA | US Small Business Administrati | 32,160 | public domain | 2026-06-30 |
| Statistics of U.S. Businesses 2022 | US Census Bureau | 14,887 | public domain | 2022-12-31 |
Read from the source registry, not typed into this page. Row counts are queried live from the tables themselves rather than taken from the registry's stored count, because a stored count drifts the moment a harvester runs. One source is ENCUMBERED: the occupational licence register must remain publicly available at no cost and without a log-in, which is why every licence figure on this site is free and ungated and always will be.
Checked against an independent source
| Industry | SUSB | Economic Census | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drugs and druggists' sundries merchant wholesalers | 3.5% | 3.4% | -0.13 |
| Offices of physicians | 34.3% | 34.8% | +0.50 |
| New car dealers | 7.7% | 7.5% | -0.16 |
| Supermarkets and grocery stores | 10.0% | 10.1% | +0.15 |
| Petroleum refineries | 1.1% | 1.1% | -0.01 |
Labour share of receipts, computed from Census SUSB — the source this site uses — and checked against the 2022 Economic Census, which is a SEPARATELY COLLECTED survey. Across ten of the largest industries the mean absolute difference is 0.16 PERCENTAGE POINTS. That is not a claim about our arithmetic being careful; it is two independent federal instruments measuring the same thing and agreeing, which is the only kind of check on a figure that means anything. Where they disagreed most — general-purpose holding companies at 0.40pp — the industry is one where the definition of an employee is genuinely contested between the two surveys.
The dimension we cannot evidence at all
| What was tried | What it returned |
|---|---|
| OSHA bulk enforcement data | no CSV or ZIP published |
| OSHA inspection archive | 404 |
| DOL Wage and Hour API | missing authentication token |
| data.gov catalogue API | not found — the CKAN endpoint is gone |
| DOL enforcement data catalogue | 200, and no dataset links on it |
O5 asks whether the businesses already in a market are operationally weak enough to take share from — violation records, complaint volumes, response times. OSHA inspections and DOL wage enforcement are both federal public domain and both keyed by industry, and neither is reachable without a registered API key or a crawler. So O5 renders ABSENT with its weight visible and the report says '65 of 100 rubric points evidenced' rather than scoring around the hole. We are not substituting something adjacent and calling it incumbent weakness.
Industries we hold data for and cannot name
| Measure | Count |
|---|---|
| Six-digit industries with establishment data | 956 |
| Of those, resolving to a current NAICS label | 821 |
| Holding data but resolving to NO label | 135 |
NAICS is revised every five years and codes are retired. The 2022 revision restructured retail, so an industry like 448110 (Men's Clothing Stores) still carries establishment data here and can no longer be named. Those pages are excluded from the sitemap rather than published as records of an industry we cannot identify — and the count is stated here rather than left as a silent hole a visitor discovers by finding nothing.
Coverage, stated plainly
| Measure | Held | Of |
|---|---|---|
| Industries with establishment data | 956 | — |
| Industries with occupation data | 388 | 956 |
| Licence jurisdictions held | 54 | 56 |
A gate reported as '43 of 56' means 43 of the jurisdictions the register actually covers, and the shortfall is named on every page that reports one. An absence of match is not an absence of licence.