The data

Where every figure comes from

Every number on this site traces to a named federal source with a stated vintage and licence. This page is that list, including what each source cannot tell you.

Last updated 6 August 2026.

Sources

SourceAgencyAs ofLicence
County Business PatternsUS Census Bureau2023Public domain — 17 U.S.C. §105
Occupational Employment and Wage StatisticsUS Bureau of Labor Statistics2024Public domain — 17 U.S.C. §105
Occupational licence registerCareerOneStop / ARC, US Department of Labor2024ENCUMBERED — must remain free, public and without a log-in, permanently
Business Dynamics StatisticsUS Census Bureau1978–2023Public domain — 17 U.S.C. §105
Federal contract awardsUSASpending.gov2021–2025Public domain — 17 U.S.C. §105
Code of Federal RegulationseCFR / Office of the Federal RegisterliveGovernment edict — not copyrightable, Georgia v. Public.Resource.Org (2020)

Five of six are United States federal government work, in the public domain by statute and freely redistributable. One is encumbered and is why the licence data on this site is free and ungated permanently.

US Census Bureau

County Business Patterns

How many businesses of a given kind operate in a given county, how many people they employ, and their annual payroll.

WHAT IT CANNOT TELL YOU: Census suppresses small cells to protect employer identity. A suppressed cell renders as 'not measured', never as zero.

US Bureau of Labor Statistics

Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics

Who actually does the work in an industry, how many of them there are, and what the median wage is.

WHAT IT CANNOT TELL YOU: Covers employer businesses only, and exists for fewer industries than the establishment data does.

CareerOneStop / ARC, US Department of Labor

Occupational licence register

Which occupations are licensed in which jurisdictions, and what each licence requires: exam, education, experience.

WHAT IT CANNOT TELL YOU: Holds 54 of 56 US licensing jurisdictions, and 2,504 of its records carry no jurisdiction at all. A count of 43 is out of 54 searched, not out of 56.

US Census Bureau

Business Dynamics Statistics

Firm and establishment births, deaths, survival and job flows by industry, back to 1978. This is what every backtest on this site is graded against.

WHAT IT CANNOT TELL YOU: Four-digit industry granularity, so a six-digit industry inherits its parent group's dynamics.

USASpending.gov

Federal contract awards

What the federal government actually paid for work in an industry, to whom, and through which agency.

WHAT IT CANNOT TELL YOU: ONE BUYER. Federal procurement is not the private market and for most industries is small and unrepresentative — beauty salons show $50,590 against electrical contractors' $3.2bn.

eCFR / Office of the Federal Register

Code of Federal Regulations

The regulatory text itself, and verification that a cited regime exists.

WHAT IT CANNOT TELL YOU: Loaded as CANDIDATE CITATIONS ONLY and read by nothing authoritative. Full-text search on an industry name returns the wrong regulation about half the time — Coast Guard tank vessel rules scored highest for electrical contractors — so it verifies a citation and cannot discover one.

How we leave the one encumbered source

Status of the issuing authorityURLsRecords
Resolves — re-sourceable now1,45517,529
Unreachable, DNS or timeout2723,658
Refuses automated access; a person gets in3842,865
Gone — the authority must be found again2072,159
Other38156

27,067 occupational licence records are the ONLY encumbered data in this corpus — supplied on condition they stay free, public and without a log-in, which they will. 97.4% of them name their issuing authority with a URL, so the same facts can be taken from the state board that issued them, where no such condition applies. Concentrated: the top 200 URLs cover 58.8% of records. Re-sourcing replaces the provenance record by record — it does not relabel what we already hold, which would be evading the term rather than leaving it.

Every source, from the registry

SourcePublisherRows heldLicenceAs of
Business Dynamics Statistics 1978-2023US Census Bureau13,248public domain2023-12-31
County Business Patterns 2023US Census Bureau1,100,961public domain2023-12-31
Economic Census 2022US Census Bureau956public domain2022-12-31
Federal contract awardsUSAspending.gov957public domain2026-08-07
National occupational licence registerAnalyst Resource Center via Ca27,067ENCUMBERED — careeronestop-public2024-10-14
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics US Bureau of Labor Statistics136,541public domain2024-05-31
SBA 7(a) loan book, FOIAUS Small Business Administrati32,160public domain2026-06-30
Statistics of U.S. Businesses 2022US Census Bureau14,887public domain2022-12-31

Read from the source registry, not typed into this page. Row counts are queried live from the tables themselves rather than taken from the registry's stored count, because a stored count drifts the moment a harvester runs. One source is ENCUMBERED: the occupational licence register must remain publicly available at no cost and without a log-in, which is why every licence figure on this site is free and ungated and always will be.

Checked against an independent source

IndustrySUSBEconomic CensusDifference
Drugs and druggists' sundries merchant wholesalers3.5%3.4%-0.13
Offices of physicians34.3%34.8%+0.50
New car dealers7.7%7.5%-0.16
Supermarkets and grocery stores10.0%10.1%+0.15
Petroleum refineries1.1%1.1%-0.01

Labour share of receipts, computed from Census SUSB — the source this site uses — and checked against the 2022 Economic Census, which is a SEPARATELY COLLECTED survey. Across ten of the largest industries the mean absolute difference is 0.16 PERCENTAGE POINTS. That is not a claim about our arithmetic being careful; it is two independent federal instruments measuring the same thing and agreeing, which is the only kind of check on a figure that means anything. Where they disagreed most — general-purpose holding companies at 0.40pp — the industry is one where the definition of an employee is genuinely contested between the two surveys.

The dimension we cannot evidence at all

What was triedWhat it returned
OSHA bulk enforcement datano CSV or ZIP published
OSHA inspection archive404
DOL Wage and Hour APImissing authentication token
data.gov catalogue APInot found — the CKAN endpoint is gone
DOL enforcement data catalogue200, and no dataset links on it

O5 asks whether the businesses already in a market are operationally weak enough to take share from — violation records, complaint volumes, response times. OSHA inspections and DOL wage enforcement are both federal public domain and both keyed by industry, and neither is reachable without a registered API key or a crawler. So O5 renders ABSENT with its weight visible and the report says '65 of 100 rubric points evidenced' rather than scoring around the hole. We are not substituting something adjacent and calling it incumbent weakness.

Industries we hold data for and cannot name

MeasureCount
Six-digit industries with establishment data956
Of those, resolving to a current NAICS label821
Holding data but resolving to NO label135

NAICS is revised every five years and codes are retired. The 2022 revision restructured retail, so an industry like 448110 (Men's Clothing Stores) still carries establishment data here and can no longer be named. Those pages are excluded from the sitemap rather than published as records of an industry we cannot identify — and the count is stated here rather than left as a silent hole a visitor discovers by finding nothing.

Coverage, stated plainly

MeasureHeldOf
Industries with establishment data956—
Industries with occupation data388956
Licence jurisdictions held5456

A gate reported as '43 of 56' means 43 of the jurisdictions the register actually covers, and the shortfall is named on every page that reports one. An absence of match is not an absence of licence.